Internal combustion engine



Aprlv 1,2, 1938. k R. LARAQUE 2,113,990

NTERNL COMBUSTION ENGINE April 1.2, R. LARAQUE 2,113,990

. INTERNAL CQMBUsTIoN ENGINE A Filed Oct. 31,' 1936` 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 12, 193s UNITED STATES INTERNAL connus'rloN ENGINE' Roland Laroque, Paris, France Appliance october s1, 193s. semi No. 198,374

4 Claiml.

The present invention has for its object im-v provements in internal combustion engines of the type comprising two opposite pistons moving in' contrary directions in one and the same horizon- 5 tal cylinder and acting through the medium of .pivoting beams upon one crank-shaft.

' The motor according to thev invention is of the type of the two stroke'cycle engines working m with scavenging equicurrent air.

placed with regard to each other in order-to permit of their seizing the crank-shaft at two different points along its axis.

.At the other part, the horizontal cylinder is disposed in the case-in such manner that' a shoulder of the'cylinder applies against a partof the case, and a neck of this cylinder,'situated toward the otherextremity of the latter centers itself in a part `of the lcase and serves as abutment and joint surface for a -removable cap forming a collector for admission of the scavenging air.

In this manner, by withdrawal of the air collector the cylinder is readily accessible.

Another feature of the invention consists in that the flywheel regulating the run of the motor is constituted to form the blasting engine, the operative elements of which aresituated in the interior of the ily-wheel and comprise a cell of a rotary pump acting by volumetric variations, the periphery of the :dy-wheel serving directly as outer pump cylinder, by which arrangenient all coupling means and all power transmitting means between the motor shaft and the engine producing the scavenging air are eliminated.

In a preierredfY iorm of realization, a pump with two eccentric .rotorsis employed, these rotors revolving around a stationary and hollow shaft traversed by the air" sucked into the pump, the'two `rotors being in tangential contact with each other and forming between them. a pump chamber or cell in the shape ot a crescent separated by a vane carried by the outer cylinder, in two chambers ol'alternately increasing and decreasing volume. 1 In fthis form of realization, the. case surround- .ing the ily-wheel of the motor forms a collector for `the airtobedriven and supports the hollow Y stationary shaft which' is eccentric with regard to thercell .ofthe pump. f

Finally, according to the invention, cooling water 'is first led into a lower pocket in order to lower `the temperature Aoi. the lubricating oil, and then into fa. chamber completely surrounding the cylinder in-its central part forming the combustion chamber, as Lwell -as the'collector containing the fluid tobe-exhausted.

Diierent other `features will be referred to in the followingdeseription relating to the drawings appended showing, merely in the way .of an ex.-

One feature of the invention' consists in that. the arms of each pivoting beam are laterally dis- I n Luxemburg November 4, 1935 (Cl. 12S-51) ample, a particular form of realization of the invention, the blasting arrangement beingn one comprising two eccentric rotors.

The drawings represent: Fig, 1 a vertical section through the axis oi the cylinder, according to lines, II of Fig. 2;

Fig.l 2 a lateral view, partly in section, an inspection cover being removed;

I-l of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 4a section through the ily-wheel according to lines 4 4 of Fig. 2. 1

In a horizontal cylinder a slide, in a known manner, two pistons b1, b2 with their'heads opposite to each other, these pistons being con- Fig. 3 a transverse section according to lines -m nected by links c1, to two beams di e1, da en pivoting around axles fi fz.

To the forked extremities g1 gno! these beams are articulated two links h1- hz engaging crank pins of a crankshaft i.

According to the invention the -arms of the beams, for exampleidi c1 (Fig. 2 are laterally displaced with regard to each other, in one direction in one beam and in the opposite direction inthe other beam, so that the crankshaft 1 is acted upon in two diierentpoints.

The horizontal cylinder a is provided (Fig. 1) with a shoulder k supported by a part I of the case, and, toward its other extremity, with a neck m centered in a bearing surface n of the case and serving as abutment and joint surface for a removable cap p forming a' collector for the scavenging air, this neck squeezing a joint q and being simply xed by four bolts p', so that after removal of an inspection door s and withl drawal of the cap p the cylinder is immediately accessible and removable.

To the end i' of the crank shaft 1 is keyed the regulating ilywheel k'hollow onpone of its faces so as to form the outer cylinder l of the alrscavenging pump.

In the example shown, the pump is of the type comprising rotors 4being constituted by the said cylinder l' and the other rotorbeing formed by an inner drum m' centered on an end of an auxiliary shaft n' eccentric with; regard to the axis of the crank-pin and'hollow inits interior.

This scavengingengine is located in the interior of a .case r' forming a collector ffor the scavenging air led through a conduit rattached two eccentric rotors, one of the to this case, .under pressure into the. motor, as

iateron referred to.

A radial vane q' carried by the outer cylinder i vseparates `the crescent-like space between the two rotors l `and m' (Fig. .2) in two chambers q" and q'" of respectively increasing and (iecreasing volumes, one of these chambers q",

communicating with the suction conduit through a hole s' provided in. the peripheral wall of the l inner drum, and the other of these chambers ward the circular scavenging collector p" (Fig. 3) of the cap p.

I'his air penetrates into the cylinder a across ,peripheral orifices t situated nearthe lower dead point of one of the pistons.

'Ihe exhaust is effected through other orices t1 peripherally situated near the dead point of the other piston, into a collector u forming part of the case and wherefrom the gases are evacuated into the atmosphere.

In order to compensate the hollow space in the ywheel, the same can be weighted by plumber k" located toward the periphery of this wheel.

'I'he eccentric stationary and hollow axle n around which rotates the inner drum m', is supported by a removable hub r". Y

'I'his hub is situated at the extremity of the case T', so that theparts of the blasting engine are readily accessible and removable.

An inner boss 1" on this hub r" serves as bearing surface for the bottom part l" fixed to the fly-wheel. l

The lower part-of the case is waterjacketed as at v and a water jacket y surrounds at least the working chamber portion' of the cylinder a. VWater is admitted, to the chamber vin any suitable manner, from a water pump (not shown) and is conducted from chamber o to chamber yby a duct :z: shown in dottedlines in Fig. 2 and leaves chamber y, to be returned to the pump, through outlet a. The water in chamber v cools the oil at the bottom w of the case.

The principal advantages of the arrangement according to the irfvention are:

(a) Perfect equilibration of the torque, so that use of masses with alternating movements securing equal and opposite forces of inertia is dispensed with;

(b) Great simplicity of execution;

(c) Possibility to verify very easily the two link systems without dismantling the motor, simply by opening the 'lateral inspection doors s;

(d) Feeble encumberment; A

(e) Feeble weight;

(.f) Very compressed form of the whole, eventually presenting numerous advantages for many applications;

(g) The whole motor being well assembled with the scavenging engine, all coupling means as well as all power transmission means between the motor shaft and the scavenging engine are dispensed with.'

The invention is of course not limited to the described and represented embodiment and permits of any modication of its single parts according to any particular requirements and, especially, in accordance with the chosen type of rotary pump.

What I claim, is:

1. In an internal combustion engine wherein is provided a casing and a horizontal working cylinder having a working chamber and being removably held in said casing, means for scavenging the burnt gases, said means including a combined flywheel-air-pump, piston controlled ports in the cylinder through which scavenging air is admitted into the cylinder, a hollow head surrounding the cylinder at the position oi the openings, and a duct from said pump to said hollow head, said head serving the dual purpose oli-a...`v`

member for entry of air intothe cylinder and asa means by which the cylinder may be held in place in the casing.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a case having means removably to receive a working cylinder, a cylinder located in said means, and mechanism to scavenge the burnt mixture, said mechanism comprising inlet ports at the cylinder, a combined ilywheel-alr-pump, a hollow head encircling the cylinder at the position of said ports, means to secure said head to said y case and in cooperation with ilanges on the cylln'- der, hold said cylinder in place in the case, in

virtue of which said head serves the dual pur' pose of securing the cylinder against displace-v -ment in the case and as a member for entry of l circling the cylinder at the position of said ports, means to secure said head to vsaid case and in cooperation with ilanges on the cylinder, hold said cylinderuin place in the case, in virtue of which said head serves the dual purpose of securing the` cylinder against displacement in the case and as a member for entry of air into the cylinder, a duct to eiect communication between said pump and said head for conducting air from space between said outer 'cylinder and said inner drum into an intake chamber and an outgo chamber, a hollow eccentric auxiliary shaft on which said inner drum is mounted, and means to carry said auxiliary shaft, the outer cylinder having an air outlet fromV said'outgo chamber, said hollow auxiliary shaft serving as la means to admit air into said intake chamber.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a case having web-like elements in it, which elements are spaced apart and apertured, a working cylinder held in said apertures and including a shoulder to abut one of said web-like elements and having a neck with ports to the working chamber of the cylinder, a hollow cap on v,said neck with its space registering with said ports, means to secure said cap to said case and in engagement with said cylinde.` whereby said cap will perform the dual function of a. means by which scavenging air is admitted to the cylinder and by which the cylinder is removably secured in place, and

means forming a part of the engine for forcing air into said hollow cap.

ROLAND LARAQUI.l 

